技术学堂
该脚本实现了在Linux中备份并删除过期的备份文件，当备份次数超出限制时才删除超出日期限制的备份文件，不用担心长时间不备份会导致备份目录被清空。此外，备份前会检查磁盘空间是否足够，备份后会检查备份文件是否需要压缩。
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#!/bin/bash # 数据备份通用脚本 # 当备份次数超出限制时才删除超出日期限制的备份文件 # 执行方法 ： sh backup.sh -s 'str' -b 'str' -t 'str' -e 'num' -d 'num' # -s srcFile 待备份的文件或目录（必填），绝对路径或者脚本相对路径 # -b bakPath 备份目标地址（必填），末尾不带'/'，绝对路径或者脚本相对路径 # -t bakType 备份目标类型，dir/zip/tgz/all(默认) # -e expTimes 保留备份文件的限制次数（默认15次） # -d expDates 保留备份文件的限制天数（默认30天） # ./backup.sh -s /home/weblogic/app -b /home/weblogic/backup -t tgz -e 30 -d 15 backupLog="${PWD}/backup.log" getTime (){ nowTime=`date +'%Y%m%d%H%M%S'` } while getopts 's:b:t:e:d:' OPT do case ${OPT} in s) srcFile="$OPTARG";; b) bakPath="$OPTARG";; t) bakType="$OPTARG";; e) expTimes="$OPTARG";; d) expDates="$OPTARG";; esac done echo ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 开始备份数据 <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<" >> ${backupLog} # 检查待备份的文件或目录 getTime if [ -z "${srcFile}" ] || [ -z "`ls -l ${srcFile}`" ] then echo -e "${nowTime}\t没有输入待备份的文件或路径，或${srcFile}不存在\n" >> ${backupLog} exit 1 fi # 检查备份目标地址 [ -z "${bakPath}" ] && echo -e "${nowTime}\t没有输入备份目标路径\n" >> ${backupLog} && exit 1 [ ! -d "${bakPath}" ] && mkdir -p ${bakPath} && echo -e "${nowTime}\t已创建备份目标文件夹" >> ${backupLog} # 如果不输入文件类型-t参数则赋默认值all [ -z "${bakType}" ] && bakType="all" # 如果不输入保留备份次数-e参数则赋默认值15 [ -z "${expTimes}" ] && expTimes=15 [ -z "${expDates}" ] && expDates=30 # 检查备份目录中的备份次数 case "${bakType}" in dir) bakTimes=`ls -l -d ${bakPath} | wc -l` varTypes="-type d" ;; zip) typeName="zip" bakTimes=`ls -l ${bakPath} | grep *.${typeName} | wc -l` varTypes="-name '*.${typeName}'" ;; tgz) typeName="tar.gz" bakTimes=`ls -l ${bakPath} | grep *.${typeName} | wc -l` varTypes="-name '*.${typeName}'" ;; *) bakTimes=`ls -l ${bakPath} | grep -Ev "total|总用量" | wc -l` varTypes="" ;; esac # 删除过期的备份文件 getTime if [ ${bakTimes} -gt ${expTimes} ] then find ${bakPath} ${varTypes} -mtime +${expDates} -exec rm -rf {} \; echo -e "${nowTime}\t已删除过期的备份文件" >> ${backupLog} fi # 判断磁盘空间 getTime discAvail=`df -h ${srcFile} | awk '{print $4}' | tail -n 1` discNeeds=`du -sh ${srcFile} | awk '{print $1}'` getResult (){ availNum="`echo ${discAvail} | sed 's/.$//'`" needsNum="`echo ${discNeeds} | sed 's/.$//'`" result=`echo "scale=3; ${availNum} - ${needsNum}" | bc` [[ ${result} < 0 ]] && echo -e "${nowTime}\t磁盘空间不足，无法备份\n" >> ${backupLog} && exit 1 } case ${discAvail: -1} in G) [ "${discNeeds: -1}" = "G" ] && getResult;; M) [ "${discNeeds: -1}" = "G" ] && echo -e "${nowTime}\t磁盘空间不足，无法备份\n" >> ${backupLog} && exit 1 [ "${discNeeds: -1}" = "M" ] && getResult;; K) echo -e "${nowTime}\t磁盘空间不足，无法备份\n" >> ${backupLog} && exit 1;; esac # 按当前时间创建备份文件夹 getTime bakPath="${bakPath}/${nowTime}" mkdir -p ${bakPath} # 备份数据 getTime echo -e "${nowTime}\t开始复制${srcFile}至${bakPath}/" >> ${backupLog} cp -rf ${srcFile} ${bakPath}/ # 检查备份文件是否需要压缩 cd ${bakPath} getTime case ${bakType} in zip) if [ "${srcFile##*.}" != "${typeName}" ] then [ -z "`rpm -qa zip`" ] && echo -e "${nowTime}\t当前系统未安装zip工具，无法压缩\n" >> ${backupLog} && exit 1 zip -m -q -r ${srcFile##/}.${typeName} * getTime echo -e "${nowTime}\t已将备份文件压缩为zip格式" >> ${backupLog} fi ;; tgz) if [ "${srcFile##*.}" != "${typeName}" ] then tar -zcf ${srcFile##*/}.${typeName} * --remove-files getTime echo -e "${nowTime}\t已将备份文件压缩为tar.gz格式" >> ${backupLog} fi ;; esac getTime echo -e ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ${nowTime} <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<\n" >> ${backupLog} |
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